Refractive test includes:
. Measurement of visual acuity using Snellen letter and illiterate E-chart and Times Roman reading types.
. Accurate determination of presbyopic additions and other near corrections
. Near vision astigmatism tests
. Amplitude of accommodation including monocular measurements under binocular conditions
The Binocular Balance includes:
. Fixation disparity test for uncompensated heterophoria motor eye dominance – convergence relationship
. Quantitative evaluation of foveal suppression in heterophoria patients
. Near point of convergence
. Targets for subjective cover tests for heterophoria and harmonious ARC